Abstract:We investigated pollinia development in rare orchid Vanda coerulea using paraffin sectioning in order to provide some embryological data to clarify the generic delimitation of AeridesVanda alliance. Results are as follows: (1) initially anther primordia were differentiated into a pair of thecae containing two microsporangia. And then, a sterile septum was formed longitudinally and unequally in each microsporangium during microsporogenesis. Finally, the septum was totally absorbed leading to 2 cleftpollinia at ripen anther stage. (2) The development of anther wall was of massive type due to 5-9 layers including a transient epidermis, 2-6 endothecium layers, a middle layer and a uninucleated tapetum. (3) Microspore mother cells underwent a successive cytokeinsis during meiosis resulting in some tetrahedral or isobilateral microspore tetrads. Microspores retained in tetrads and developed into 2celled pollen tetrads. The pollen tetrads arranged compactly within the collapsed anther wall and formed 2 cleftpollinia in anther. These embryological features provided new data to the taxonomy of Vanda S. S.

Abstract:The morphological anatomy of the vegetative organs of the Woodwardia unigemmata was studied by the method of segregation and paraffin sectioning. It indicated that: W. unigemmata leaves were heterologous leaves. The upper and lower epidermis cells were irregular, and only the lower epidermis had stomatal distribution. There are 2 to 6 vascular bundles in petiole, only 2 larger vascular bundles from petiole base up to leaf axis. Rhizome have multiple vascular bundles scattered among the parenchyma cells, and rich starch grains in parenchyma cells. Cortex takes up a large proportion in the transverse structure of roots, and xylem develops in an exogenous manner. The development process of W. unigemmata bulbil can be divided into three stages: the formation stage of bulbil primordium, the differentiation stage and the maturation stage of bulbil primordium.

Abstract:The MADSbox gene SVP (SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE) integrates multiple flowering signals to regulate the transition from vegetative to reproductive development in plants. To better understand the molecular regulation of flower development in Prunus mume, we isolated two putative orthologs of SVP，PmSVP1 and PmSVP2. The expression patterns of PmSVP1 and PmSVP2 were determined by realtime RTPCR. PmSVP1 contains a 687 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a peptide of 228 amino acid residues. PmSVP2 contains a 672 bp ORF that encodes a peptide of 223 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that PmSVP1 was closely related to Arabidopsis SVP, along with SVPlike members from some woody perennials, while PmSVP2 was closely related to EeDAM2 and StMADS11, which are SVPlike members from perennial herbs. To characterize the function of PmSVP1 and PmSVP2, we examined the spatial expression of PmSVP1 and PmSVP2 in different organs using qRTPCR. Transcripts of PmSVP1 and PmSVP2 accumulated in vegetative organs, such as buds, stems and leaves. However, the expression level of PmSVP2 was expressed only in adults and had low expression levels in vegetative organs, thus differing from PmSVP1. Throughout the bud differentiation process, both PmSVP1 and PmSVP2 expression levels presented a downward trend. Once flower bud differentiation commenced, expression levels started to decrease, suggesting that these two genes may play an important role in the transition from the vegetative growth to the reproductive growth phase in P. mume.

Abstract:The plant glutathione Stransferase gene (GST) plays an important role in scavenging oxidative damage caused by biotic and abiotic stresses. In order to explore the response mechanism of GST in allelopathic autotoxicity mediated by root exudates, we obtained a GST gene closely related to root exudates mediated autotoxicity in melon by RTPCR based on transcriptome sequencing and using melon leaf DNA as template, named CmGST (GenBank login number: AYU66762.1). In this study, the CmGST gene was analyzed by bioinformatics, and the differential expression of CmGST, the activity of glutathione Stransferase (GST) and the content of glutathione (GSH) in the process of autotoxic stress were determined. The results showed that: (1) the CmGST gene contains a complete open reading frame (ORF) of 654 bp, encoding 217 amino acids. CmGST was an acidic hydrophilic protein and was relatively stable. It has two typical conserved domains of GST family Tau subfamily. CmGST protein had close relationship with Cucummis sativus. (2) Subcellular localization indicated that CmGST was located in the cytoplasm. (3) The results of qPCR analysis showed that CmGST was expressed in root and seedling of melon, and the expression level was relatively stable in normal growth melon seedlings. The expression of CmGST in leaves decreased firstly and then increased rapidly after autotoxicity stress, and the change trend was similar in roots, but the degree was relatively mild. The analysis of GST activity and GSH content showed that the change trend of GST activity in leaves was basically consistent with the change of gene expression of CmGST. In roots, GST activity increased firstly, then decreased, and finally increased. (4) With the increase of stress time, GSH content in roots and leaves increased in varying degrees, but the content in root was lower than that in leaves. The study indicated that the expression level of CmGST in roots and leaves of melon plants changed during the process of autotoxic stress, and CmGST participated in the response to autotoxic stress mediated by root exudates.

Abstract:SBPbox (Squamosa promoter Binding Protein box) genes, belonging to plantspecific transcription factors, involved in many important processes of plant growth, including leaf development, embryogenesis, plastochron formation, vegetative and reproductive phase transitions, et al. SbSBP17 was amplified by RTPCR using total RNA extracted from BTx623 inflorescences, phylogenetic analysis and semiquantitative PCR were performed. This study establishes the foundation for further research of SbSBP17 functions. SbSBP17, consist of 2 introns and 3 exons, encoded a protein of 444 amino acids carrying a typical SBP domain(195-269 aa). According to phylogenetic tree analysis, eighteen SBP17 proteins were clustered into three groups (Ⅰ-Ⅲ). Ⅰ and Ⅱ group contained only monocotyledonous proteins, while dicotyledonous protein only existed in group Ⅲ. The orthologous proteins of SbSBP17 was PWZ17260.1 in maize. By analyzing the promoter sequence, several ciselements were detected, including MSAlike, CATbox and RYelement, et al. Expression analysis indicated SbSBP17 was inflorescencespecific gene. With the growth and development of sorghum inflorescence (length increase), the expression level of SbSBP17 gradually increased and arrived the peak value (40 times than the lowest level) in the 10 cm inflorescence, and then declined significantly by 50% above in 20 cm inflorescence. It was presumed that the expression of SbSBP17 possibly decreased gradually and ultimately disappeared.

Abstract:HY5(ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5) is an important transcription factor in photomorphogenesis process. We have cloned a bZIP transcription factor gene named MaHY5 from grape hyacinth(Muscari armeniacum) and its GenBank accession number is MK281355. Bioinformatics analysis of MaHY5 gene showed that it contains a 438 bp ORF that encodes a protein of 145 amino acid with an estimated molecular weight of 16.1 kD and an isoelectric point of 9.78. MaHY5 protein was not predicted to have an Nterminal signal peptide or a transmembrane domain and it was predicated to be a hydrophilic protein that is localized to the nucleus. The protein contains an bZIP domain which is highly conserved in evolution process, analyzed by sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. The qRTPCR and HPLC result indicated that the expression of MaHY5 was general correlated with the mode of anthocyanin accumulation. They were both highly expressed in petals, especially in fully open flowers. Thus, MaHY5 may play a role in the process of anthocyanins accumulation in grape hyacinth.

Abstract:In this study, a PDS gene was cloned from Hibiscus esculentus L. by transcriptome sequencing. The fulllength cDNA sequence of PDS was 2 020 bp, which contained a 1 686 bp open reading frame (ORF) that encoded 561 amino acids, with a predicted molecular weight (mol.wt) of 62.62 kD and a hypothetical isoelectric point (pI) of 8.155. It shared over 93% identity with the homologous proteins from Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium hirsutum All have a NAD(P)binding rossmannlike domain and a carotenoidbinding domain, showing that it was highly conservative. This gene was named HePDS and the GeneBank accession number was MG372370. Realtime PCR analysis revealed that HePDS could be expressed in different tissues of Hibiscus esculentus L., including roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and the expression level was the highest in tender leaves and 2 days after flowering during the process of leaf and fruit development, respectively. The content of carotenoids increases gradually with the development of leaves and fruits, while the content in mature leaves was the highest and that of fruit was the highest after flowering 4 d. These results revealed the expression of HePDS genes closely related to carotenoid content, and provided a base for the study of carotenoid molecular regulation mechanism and reverse genetics in Hibiscus esculentus L..

Abstract:In order to study the regulation mechanism of ElFAD2 gene on the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in Euphorbia lathyris, this study obtained the ElFAD2 gene sequence based on the transcriptome database, and analyzed its sequence and expression characteristics. Sequence analysis results showed that the full length of ElFAD2 gene was 1 907 bp and the ORF was 1 152 bp, encoding 383 amino acids, containing a typical fatty acid desaturase domain. The isoelectric point of ElFAD2 protein was 8.08 and belonged to a stable protein with 4 transmembrane regions and 3 conserved histidine clusters. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that E. lathyris had a closer relationship with Triadica sebifera from Euphorbiaceae. Realtime PCR analysis revealed that the ElFAD2 gene was expressed in different organs of E. lathyris, but the expression of ElFAD2 gene was the highest in the seeds of 15 days after flowering, and the expression levels are equivalent in the leaves and seeds of 30 days and 45 days after flowering. The expression level was the lowest in roots, stems and flowers. The results facilitated the functional investigation of ElFAD2 gene and provided clues for the analysis of the molecular mechanism of fatty acid synthesis in E. lathyris.

Abstract:Based on TPM13SSR fluorescent capillary detection technology, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 99 registered sweetpotato varieties. The “01” database of the registered varieties was established by SSR markers. The Nei genetic distance among different varieties was calculated using the DPS software. The NeighborJoining method in MEGA was used for cluster analysis, and the genetic structure of the accessions was analyzed by the admixture ancestry model in Structure software. The genetic composition of the varieties and the genetic relationship among the varieties were discussed, which revealed the similarity of the sweetpotato varieties at the DNA level and provided references for variety evaluation, excellent parent selection and variety improvement. The results showed that： (1) a total of 162 reproducible bands were amplified from 28 primer pairs with an average of 5.57 bands and polymorphic rate was 96.30%. (2) The dendrogram of 99 registered varieties was constructed. And the genetic distance of 99 varieties ranged from 0 to 0.464 6 with an average of 0.307 7. Cluster analysis at 0.267 0 genetic distance can divide 99 varieties into three groups. Sweetpotato varieties from the same agroecological zones or close relationship were clustered in the same groups. The varieties from different agroecological zones were relatively scattered in different groups. (3) The genetic background among accessions is relatively narrow. And similarity of some varieties is higher in some certain of the ecological zones. By population structure analysis, the 99 varieties were divided into three subgroups. Clustering results were in coincident with the results of population structure. The 31 accessions have a high degree of mixed ancestry and complex genetic background.

Abstract:The effects of shading treatments ［0(CK， full light), 30%, 50% and 70% shading］ on photosynthesis and anatomical structure in leaves of 2yearold Phoebe bournei seedlings. It provides a theoretical basis for the rational cultivation and the tree species arrangement in plantations of P. bournei. The results showed that: (1) the net photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), stomatal conductance (G_s), maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_nmax), light saturation point (LSP), light compensation point (LCP) and dark respiration rate (R_d) of seedlings significant decreased in shading intensity compared to that under full light; Under 30% and 50% shading, the seedlings could fully utilize lowlight environment by increasing chlorophyll content, water use efficiency (WUE) and apparent quantum yield (AQY). The seedlings could not grow well under 70% shading treatment. (2) Under shading, the stomatal density of the leaves decreased. However, the area of stomata apparatus were significantly influenced. Under shading, the leaf and main vein thickness decreased. The thickness and the ratio of the palisade tissue and the sponge tissue were reduced and the arrangement of the palisade tissue becomes loose which is beneficial to improve the utilization efficiency of the light energy. (3) The biomass of root, stem, leaf and total biomass were the largest under full light that means shading inhibited the biomass accumulation of seedlings. It was found that the seedlings of P. bournei showed a decrease in biomass accumulation and photosynthetic efficiency under shading treatment, but at the same time, it showed adaptability to shading in the leaves anatomical structure and function, thus showing a certain tolerance to negative.

Abstract:In this study, three photobiont (A, B, C) isolated and cultured in the lichens were used as research materials. The light microscopy, BCO, dithizone, xylenol orange and Potassium iodiderhodamine Bspectrophotometric method were used to determine the cell viability of photobiont, different heavy meatal contents in culture medium and photobiont. The absorption characteristics and tolerance of three photobionts to heavy metal Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ were analyzed to determine the relationship between photobiont and heavy metal stress, and to provide a theoretical basis for bioremediation of heavy metal polluted water. The results showed that: (1) under the different concentrations of heavy metal stress, the tolerance of three photobionts to four heavy metals：Zn²⁺ >Pb²⁺ >Cu²⁺ >Cd²⁺ and heavy metal toxicity of different photobionts: Cu²⁺(B> A >C)，Zn²⁺(B > A >C)，Pb²⁺(B > A >C), Cd²⁺(B > C > A).(2)All of the photobionts adsorbability of Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ was higher than that of Cu²⁺ and Cd²⁺, and the absorption of algal B to different heavy metals was higher than that of A and C. (3) All of the photobionts was positive correlated with cell absorption and tolerant concentration and different culture time points (P<0.01), and the tolerance of the two algal species to heavy metals was positively correlated with their absorption. The study found that the photobionts have a better tolerance and absorption to heavy metals than some freegrowing algae, will be a good material for remediation of heavy metal contaminated biosorbents, and the results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of photobiont in the bioremediation of water and metal pollution.

Abstract:In order to investigate the effects of exogenous trehalose on gene expression of Rubisco and Rubisco activase (RCA) in wheat under osmotic stress, we used the droughtresistant variety ‘Jinmai 47’ and the droughtsensitive variety ‘Zhengyin 1’ as materials. The results showed that：（1） exogenous trehalose and osmotic stress both could increase the content of trehalose in wheat leaves. （2） Osmotic stress significantly reduced the net photosynthetic rate of wheat leaves, while exogenous trehalose could obviously relieve the decline of the net photosynthetic rate. （3） Relative expression and protein content of Rubisco large subunits (rbcL) were dramatically decreased under osmotic stress in ‘Zhengyin 1’. In addition, osmotic stress observably decreased the relative expression of RCA α and β subunits, as well as the protein content of RCA. However, exogenous trehalose could not alleviate the decline of RCA protein content. Osmotic stress notably reduced Rubisco total activity, initial activity, activation status and RCA activity of. Nevertheless exogenous trehalose could prominently alleviate these indexes. （4）The relevant analysis indicated that the net photosynthesis rate was significantly positively correlated with the relative expression of rbcL, RCA α and β subunits, Rubisco total activity, initial activity, activation status and RCA activity. In conclusion, exogenous application of trehalose plays a substantially protective role in Rubisco and RCA activity from posttranslational level under osmotic stress, thereby alleviating the decrease of photosynthetic rate.

Abstract:Using male and female Salix gordejevii cuttings as experimental materials, we studied the growth and physiological characteristics under drought stress by weighing control soil moisture content to reveal sexual differences of physiological adaptability and resistance. The results showed that: (1) no significant differences were detected in plant height, basal diameter, total leaf number, leaf area, stem dry weight, root dry weight, photosynthetic pigment contents (except chlorophyll a), gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, relative water content (RWC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline content and soluble sugar content in both sexes. (2) Drought significantly reduced plant growth and photosynthesis, and seriously disrupted osmotic regulation function and antioxidant enzyme system between the sexes. Females exhibited significantly higher plant height, total leaf number, leaf area, stem dry weight, root dry weight, total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), maximum efficiency of PSⅡ (F_v/F_m), effective quantum yield of PSⅡ (Φ_PSⅡ) and RWC, and lower nonphotochemical quenching coefficient (qN), MDA content, proline content and soluble sugar content than those of males. Meanwhile, leaf dry weight, chlorophyll a content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and peroxidase (POD) activity of females were always higher than that of males. The results indicated that drought inhibited growth and physiological characteristics more in males than in females of S. gordejevii. Females possess greater drought resistance than males with higher photosynthesis maintaining plant growth under drought stress, which is one of the important reasons in determining femalebiased sex ratio in the longterm.

Abstract:Effects of different temperature treatments for 3 d (low temperature, 12 ℃/5 ℃, day and night; high temperature, 42 ℃/35 ℃; normal temperature, 25 ℃/18 ℃) on injury indexes，photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activities of grafted seedlings with 4 species of rootstocks and selfrooted seedlings were studied. The similarities and differences of the resistance mechanism of different rootstocks to low temperature and high temperature were clarified, which could provide basis for selecting grafted rootstocks in different seasons in cucumber protected cultivation production. The results showed that: (1) the cold injury index of grated seedlings with Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché was the lowest, the next is grafted seedlings with C. moschata，the relative chlorophyll content, P_n， SOD， POD， CAT activity and soluble protein content of both of them increased, while the content of MDA was lower. (2) Under high temperature treatment, the heat injury index of grafted seedlings with Luffa cylindrica ‘Wuyexiang’ was the lowest and had higher relative chlorophyll content, APX activity and soluble protein content, while MDA content was the lowest. The heat injury indexes of grafted seedlings with C. maxima×C. moschata ‘Yongzhen No.8’and Cucurbita moschata were relatively low and had higher activities of SOD, CAT and APX. (3) The results of resistance comprehensive evaluation showed that, cold resistance of grafted cucumber with C. ficifolia Bouché was the strongest; Heat resistance of grafted cucumber with Luffa cylindrica ‘Wuyexiang’ was the strongest; Grafted cucumber with C. moschata and ‘Yongzhen No.8’ had good tolerance to both low and high temperatures. Overall, the grafting combinations such as C. ficifolia Bouché could alleviate the peroxidation injury by maintaining photosynthetic performance, improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes and increasing the contents of osmotic regulators, thus showed strong resistance to high and low temperature stress.

Abstract:The physiological response characteristics and salt tolerance diversity of four kinds of Fraxinus were studied under salt stress to provide scientific basis for the selection of landscaping tree species in salinealkali land. A 28day hydroponic experiment was conducted with oneandahalfyearold seedlings of Fraxinus velutina, F. pennsylvanica, F. americana and F. chinensis as materials. Their morphology, growth, membrane permeability, antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters under NaCl treatments of four concentrations (0, 40, 80, 120 mmol/L) were measured and comprehensively analyzed and evaluated by correlation analysis, principal component analysis and membership function method. The result showed that：(1) under salt stress, the morphological characteristics, relative plant height and growth of four species were inhibited. Membrane permeability and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased with the raising of salt concentration, while chlorophyll content decreased. (2) With the rising salt concentrations, the activity of POD in leaves of Fraxinus plants first increased and then decreased, with its peak appeared at 40 or 80 mmol·L^-1, though SOD enzyme activity showed different fluctuations. (3) Average net photosynthetic rate (P_n) of leaves of four species decreased with the rising NaCl concentration, in which the rate of F. velutina decreased gently. Intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), stomatal conductance (G_s) and transpiration rate (T_r) were changed with no obvious regularity. (4) The comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of these four species reached the following conclusions: F. velutina > F. americana > F. pennsylvanica > F. chinensis which shares the same tendency of the morphologic symptoms of salt damage. Therefore, F. velutina and F. americana can be the main experimental materials for stress resistance breeding and be the important species for afforestation in salinealkali land in coastal areas of China.

Abstract:The study focused on the extremely small population of wild plants——Michelia wilsonii. The plot investigation method was used to investigate the community of the wild population of M. wilsonii in Zhougong Mountain, Yaan City. According to the theory of space replacement time and smooth out method, we compiled the static life table and plotted the survival curve, mortality curve, disappearance rate curve and survival function curve to analyze its current population structure. The forecasting model of time sequence analysis were used to predict its future quantitative dynamics. in order to reveal the survival potential and endangered mechanism, provide a basis for the restoration and reconstruction of the population. The results showed that: (1) at the study area, the age structure dynamic index V_pi and V_pi′ both are greater than 0. The age structure of M. wilsonii population showed an inverted Jshaped, survival curve tends to DeeveyⅡ type, which showed that the M. wilsonii population was the growing type, but the population structure also has volatility. The number of seedlings is abundant, the development of saplings is hindered, the supplement of saplings to the middle and strong trees was reduced, which means there was a risk of decline. (2) The trends of mortality, disappearance rate of the M. wilsonii wild population were similar, they all peaked at age class Ⅰ, Ⅶ-Ⅷ and Ⅹ, and more stable at age class Ⅱ-Ⅵ. (3) With the increase of the age class, the survival rate of the M. wilsonii population continue to fall, the cumulative mortality continue to rise. The highest hazard rate was showed in the first I age class, reached 1.308, in the Ⅶ-Ⅷ age class, death density lowered to a minimum, and in the stage of the whole age class corresponding to the hazard rate are higher than the survival rate, the population was at risk of decline. (4) The forecasting model of time sequence analysis indicated that after 2, 4, 6, 8 years of age class in the future, there is a decreasing trend in the number of individuals in the middle and strong tree stage. Based on this study, the M. wilsonii wild population had the characteristics of sharp reduction in the early age period, stable in the middle age period and decline in the late age period.

Abstract:In this study, vegetation data in different precipitation years (rainy years, normal years and dry years) were adopted from the long term experimental platform of Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia from 2004 to 2015. Interspecific relationships among 7 major plant species (21 pairs) and their response to the change of precipitation years were studied. The overall association among species was measured by variance ratio. Based on χ² test, pairspecies association was measured. Association coefficient (AC) was calculated to confirm positive or negative associations. Percentage of cooccurrence (PC), Ochiai index (OI), Dice index (DI) were calculated to analyse the probability of pairspecies concomitant occurrence. The aim is to clarify the relationship between the main species in the desert steppe and reveal the mechanism of the influence of precipitation on the interaction between the populations. The results are as follows: (1) the average of species number in sample plots reached the maximum in normal years. The overall association among species was significantly positive in rainy years. It was not significant positive in normal years and not significant negative in dry years. The result showed that the decrease of annual precipitation changed the relationship of main species from coexistence to competition. (2) The change of precipitation years changed some of pairspecies associations. The species pairs with positive association in rainy years accounted for 57.1%. It fell to 52.4% in normal years and 33.3% in dry years. It showed that drought stress led to the decreasing of coexistence pairs and the increasing of competition pairs. (3) The change of precipitation years mainly affected the percentage of cooccurrence of Caragana stenophylla and other species. It was the largest in normal years. There was no effect on the positive interaction among the other pairs.

Abstract:To understand the plant community species diversity characteristics at different succession stages in Baili Rhododendron Nature Reserve of Guizhou, we investigated the community of five succession stages in the protected area with the research method of “space instead of time”, analyzed species composition, important values, α and β diversity characteristics. The results were as follows: (1) a total of 140 species of vascular plants were investigated, belonging to 56 families and 103 genera. The dominant families were Rosaceae, Rhododendron, and Liliaceae. (2) Rhododendrons occupy a comprehensive dominant position in the whole succession process, and the important values of the shrub layer rank top three in each succession stage. (3) Along the direction of succession, community Margalef abundance index (d_Ma), ShannonWiener diversity index (H′_e), Simpson index (D) and the Pielou evenness index (J_e) follow down after rising first and then an upward trend, finally community structure tended to be complex, the stability of rising. (4) With the succession going forward, the number of species lost and increased between communities gradually increased, and the species substitution rate gradually increased. The similarity coefficient of species in the whole succession process is expressed as extremely dissimilar between different adjacent stages. The study believes that in the future protection process, protected areas should develop reasonable protection measures to avoid the destruction of human activities, improve community stability, protect community structure and species diversity, and provide scientific support for ecological functions and sustainable development.

Abstract:To understand the types, distribution and protection status in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve of Sichuan Basin, we carried out a systematically investigation and hope to provide the scientific basis for effective protection and management on local medicinal plants. In this study, the diversity of medicinal plants was investigated by field survey, photo collection, questionnaire survey and literature review from 2014 to 2017. Results showed that: (1) totally 602 species of medicinal plants belonged to 399 genera and 130 families were found in Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. Among them, there are 36 ferns species belonged to 26 genera and 17 families; 3 gymnosperms species belonged to 3 genera and 3 families; and 563 angiosperms species belonged to 370 genera and 110 families. Based on the diversity of species and genera, there are 165 species belonged to oligotypic family (2-5 species), which accounting for 40.77% of total number of families, and accounting for 27.41% of the total number of plant species. And 284 monospecies genera were accounting for 71.18% of the total genera. (2) Based on the diversity of life forms, herbal medicinal plants (450 species) are dominated, accounting for 74.75% of the total number of species. (3) Whole grass (whole plant), root and rhizome are the main medicinal parts of Tangjiahe Medicinal Plants. (4) The medicinal plants in Tangjiahe are mainly distributed in temperate zone. Based on these study, Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve is rich in species of medicinal plants, with various types of growth types, organs, functions and flora of medicinal plants, which is valuable for scientific research, protection and utilization.

Abstract:One new record of endophytic fungus, Truncatella angustata, in roots of Cypripedium tibeticum and C. bardolphianum, was reported in this paper. 148 strains of Truncatella angustata were isolated from the roots of C. tibeticum and C. bardolphianum as endopytes at different altitudinal areas in Huanglong Valley, Sichuan Province, China. Morphological descriptions of T. angustata revealed that the colony on PDA pale yellow, reverse of the culture yellowish brown; pycnidia black, pustulelike; conidia fusiform, 4celled, 3septate; apical appendages 1-5. Three genotypes (HLIO15_15a_22, HLIO15_20a_42 and HLIO15_17a_46) were identified by ITS rDNA analysis. The isolation rate of T. angustata was highest in the highest altitude population, containing all three genotype strains. The phylogenetic tree of the ITS sequence of the genus Truncatella was constructed. It was found that the strains with different ecological functions of the genus Truncatella did not form obvious clades.

Abstract:Four species of Glochidion were reported as new records to six provinces in China, i.e. G. oblatum Hook. f. for Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan, G. rubrum Blume for Guangdong and Zhejiang, G. sphaerogynum (Müll. Arg.) Kurz for Guizhou, G. wilsonii Hutch. for Hunan.

Abstract:The distribution of six species are reported as new records of Orchidaceae in Tibet, including Dendrobium porphyrochilum Lindl., Panisea yunnanensis S. C. Chen et Z. H. Tsi, Pinalia obvia (W. W. Smith) S. C. Chen & J. J. Wood, Thrixspermum saruwatarii (Hayata) Schltr., Bulbophyllum apodum J. D. Hooker and B. striatum (Griff.) Rchb. f.. The morphological descriptions and pictures of these species are provided. Voucher specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of Research Institute of Xizang Plateau Ecology(XZE).

Abstract:Metapanax J. Wen & Frodin and Metapanax davidii (Franchet) J. Wen & Frodin are recorded as a new record genus and a new record species in Henan. Metapanax davidii is green shrubs. Leaves are simple or palmate. Inflorescence is a terminal panicle with several umbels. The bracts are deciduous early before the flower opening. Pedicels are articulated below ovary. Calyx has 5tooth. Petals and stamens are five. The ovary is 2 loculus. Styles are connate in the base and 2lobed in the apex. Fruit a drupe, laterally compressed. It flowering from July to August, and fruiting from September to November. The morphological variations of the leaves, flowers and fruits and the geographical significance of the species are discussed. The discovery of new distribution in Henan is important significance on phylogenetic evolution, migration and medicinal plant resources development of genus Metapanax.