Genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 59 Pyrus pyrifolia germplasm resources distributed in Guizhou Province were analyzed using SRAP markers.The results showed that:(1)15 SRAP primer pairs generated 151 bands and 120 presented polymorphic loci.(2)A relatively high level of genetic diversity was revealed by Ne (mean observed number of alleles) 1.355 9,H(Nei’s genetic diversity) 0.216 9,I (Shannon’s information index)=0.336 2 at species level and by Ne=1.261 1,H=0.155 5,I=0.235 2 at population level.Pear resource in Qianxinan Prefecture showed the highest genetic diversity and that in Liupanshui City showed the lowest.(3)Cluster analysis with UPGMA method showed that 59 P.pyrifolia germplasms could be grouped into six groups at genetic coefficient of 0.75.The result also indicated that P.pyrifolia resources distributed in Guizhou Province had abundant genetic diversity with obvious geographical feature.The genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the P.pyrifolia germplasms could be revealed effectively by SRAP markers,which provided more genetic information in a smaller range of variation as compared to ISSR.