In order to make certain the effects of inoculations in the seedlings of Taxus chinensis var.mairei at the micro-ecological level,we studied the number of culturable microorganisms,the enzyme activity and the soil microbial functional diversity of rhizosphere soil,after inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti CHW10B (phosphate solubilizing bacteria,PSB) and/or Glomus constrictum (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF).The results showed that:(1)inoculation had significant growth-promoting effects in Taxus chinensis var.mairei.The height,ground diameter and biomass of the inoculated groups had significantly increased when compared with the control group.(2)The number of culturable bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes contents in the rhizosphere soil of Taxus chinensis var.mairei were higher obviously compared with those of the control with the extension of time.Inoculation can improved the soil microbial carbon utilization,changed the species richness of soil and increased the soil biodiversity.(3)Inoculation increased the activities of enzymes in the soil,included acid phosphatase,dehydrogease and invertase.All these benefits are especially for co-inoculation treatment.These results indicated there were synergistic benefits between PSB (Sinorhizobium meliloti CHW10B) and AMF (Glomus constrictum).Moreover,the growth-promoting effect of co-inoculation depend on the increase of the number of culturable microorganisms in rhizosphere soil of Taxus chinensis var.mairei,soil enzyme activity and soil biodiversity which lead to soil enhancement of microbial carbon utilization and soil fertility.