The responses of hydraulic transport efficiency and safety to nutrients and water addition are the foundation for probing the mechanisms of extensive acclimation in Pinus tabulaeformis. Using the newlydeveloped centrifuge method and taking three treatments as control (CK, no fertilization, natural precipitation), N and P addition (F, fertilizers were applied with the application rate as 120 kg/hm² pure N and 60 kg/hm² pure P per year, natural precipitation), N and P addition plus irrigation (FI, fertilizers were applied with the application rate as 120 kg/hm² pure N and 60 kg/hm² pure P per year, 100 mm water was irrigated excluding local precipitation), we studied the responses of transport efficiency and vulnerability to embolism of currentyear stems in Chinese pine seedlings to nutrients and water addition. The results indicated that: (1) N and P addition raised basal diameter, canopy size and aboveground biomass, but had no effect on specific hydraulic conductivity (K_s), leaf specific conductivity (LSC), Huber value, embolism resistance (P₅₀) and safety margin comparing to the control. (2) Concurrent addition of N, P and water increased plant height, basal diameter, canopy size and aboveground biomass, no difference between treatments was found for K_s, LSC and Huber value, but P₅₀ of FI treatment increased by 0.2 MPa and safety margin also narrowed. These results suggest that nutrient addition had no obvious effect on transport efficiency and safety; water addition did not affect transport efficiency but increased the vulnerability to embolism. The reason was mainly related with longer tracheid length and lower implosion resistance in FI treatment.