Effect of Biochar and Fertilizer on CO2 and CH4 Emission from Spring Maize Dryland
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    Abstract:

    With the aim of investigating the effects of biochar and nitrogen input on the season variation of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) fluxes,we measured CO2 and CH4 cumulative emission, CO2+ CH4 emission intensity in dry farmland. A field experiment was performed over two years to measure CO2 and CH4 emissions by continuous observation using static chamber technique. Soil temperature and moisture were also measured at the same time. Three treatments were laid out with three replicates per experiment: C0N0 (no biochar, no N), C0N1 (no biochar, 225 kg·hm-2), C1N1 (50 t·hm-2 biochar, 225 kg·hm-2). The results showed that:(1) the dry spring maize farmland was source for CO2 under three treatments during the experimental period. The rates of CO2 emission increased and peaked on the 22th June 2014 and the 1st July 2015 during the maize growing season. The rates then decreased and were maintained at a relatively low level during the fallow season. Biochar and nitrogen amendments decreased the CO2 flux and cumulative CO2 emission during the maize growing season. (2)The flux and cumulative CO2 emission were significantly lower in C1N1 treatment than that in C0N0 treatment during the two spring maize growing seasons. (3)There was significantly positive correlation between CO2 flux and soil temperature. Both exponential equation and quadratic equation could be used to simulate the relationships, of which the correlation of 10 cm temperature was better than of 0 cm temperature. The CO2 flux had negative correlation with soil moisture. (4)The CH4 flux was between -16.08-73.96 μg·m-2·h-1 for all of the treatments, and was sink for CH4 . Biochar and nitrogen amendments increased the CH4 flux and cumulative CH4 emission during the maize growing season which were also affected by annual environmental factors. The CH4 emission had positive correction with soil moisture but negative with soil temperature. The addition of biochar and nitrogen could reduce CO2 and increase CH4 fluxes and cumulative emission from dry farmland. Comprehensive consideration of two aspects, a reasonable addition of nitrogen and biochar would be beneficial for controlling greenhouse gas emission from dry farmland. Briefly, biochar and nitrogen amendment significantly increased the yield of maize, while reduced CO2+CH4 emissions intensity significantly.

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LI Xiuyun, ZHANG Hongpei, SHEN Yufang, LI Shiqing. Effect of Biochar and Fertilizer on CO2 and CH4 Emission from Spring Maize Dryland[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2016,36(6):1216-1224

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  • Online: July 18,2016
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