The Pinus massoniana seedlings were treated with different Al³⁺ concentrations in order to investigate the effects of aluminum stress on growth and physiological characteristics including chlorophyll, osmo regulation substance(soluble sugar, protein, proline), MDA and protective enzyme(superoxide dismutase, peroxidase) activities in leaves, which were experimented and studied to provide theoretical basis for revealing aluminum toxicity physiological mechanism and improving the Altolerant ability of P. massoniana. The results showed the treatment of 0.2 mmol·L^-1 Al³⁺ had no significant impact to the seedling height and basal diameter but some promotion on its root length; above 0.2 mmol·L^-1 Al³⁺, the growth of the seedling height, basal diameter, root length were inhibited, and the higher the concentration is, the stronger the inhibition is; The content of chlorophyll and the activities of SOD and POD in leaves climbed with the increase of Al³⁺ concentration before they declined; above 0.2 mmol·L^-1 Al³⁺, with the addition of Al³⁺ concentration, the contents of osmo regulation substances, such as soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline presented the upward trend; above 0.2 mmol·L^-1 Al³⁺, the content of MDA changed the same as the osmo regulation substances. It proved that P. massoniana membrane lipid could produce oxidation with the treatment of Al³⁺. P. massoniana seedlings had a certain Altolerant ability. They could produced physiological adaptive response to balance and reduce the aluminum toxicity by increasing the synthesis of SOD and POD, and accumulating proline, protein and soluble sugar.