Two kinds of Viola cornuta and four kinds of Viola wittrockiana were used as experiment materials to analyze chromosome karyotype including the chromosome number, relative length and average arm ratio by traditional squash method. The studies on chromosome karyotype of pansy will provide a better understanding of their cytology characteristics and classification, which will lay the foundation for the pansy breeding. The results showed that: (1) chromosome number and the basic chromosome number in the V. cornuta were 2n=2x=26 and x=13, respectively, and the karyotype formula of these two kinds of plants were 2n=2x=26=8m+12sm+6st and 2n=2n=26=4m+16sm+6st. The index of karyotypic asymmetry was 67.20%-70.10% and their karyotype were classed into 3B type. (2) All kinds of V. wittrockiana belong to tetraploid, two of which had 44 chromosomes and their karyotype formula were 2n=4x=44=4m+16sm+6st and 2n=4x=44=16m+24sm+4st, respectively, and their karyotype were classed into 2B type. The other two of V. wittrockiana had 48 and their karyotype formula were 2n=4x=48=8m+20sm+20st and 2n=4x=48=4m+36sm+8st, and their karyotype were classed into 3B type. The index of karyotypic asymmetry of all V. wittrockiana was 66.74%-71.77%.