A new species of Quercus (Fagaceae), Quercas dehangensis G. X. Chen, D. G. Zhang & B. Z. Wang, sp. nov. from Dehang of Xiangxi World Geopark, Hunan Province of China, is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to the Quercus, with bracts imbricate. Q. dehangensis is most similar to Q. engleriana Seemen, but differs from the Q. engleriana in its plant usually 3-5 m tall, secondary veins 7-10 on each side of midvein, young branchlets, petiole and abaxial leaf blade are covered with scaled stellate hair and early deciduous stipules. According to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, the Q. dehangensis should be regarded as Critically Endangered (CR).